Logical Reasoning

Arrangements

Medium

A journal plans to publish 18 research papers, written by eight authors (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H) in four issues of the journal scheduled in January, April, July and October. Each of the research papers was written by exactly one of the eight authors. Five papers were scheduled in each of the first two issues, while four were scheduled in each of the last two issues. Every author wrote at least one paper and at most three papers. The total number of papers written by A, D, G and H was double the total number of papers written by the other four authors.

Four of the authors were from India and two each were from Japan and China. Each author belonged to exactly one of the three areas Manufacturing, Automation and Logistics. Four of the authors were from the Logistics area and two from the Automation area. As per the journal policy, none of the authors could have more than one paper in any issue of the journal.

The following facts are also known.

F, an Indian author from the Logistics area, wrote only one paper. It was scheduled in the October issue.

A was from the Automation area and did not have a paper scheduled in the October issue.

None of the Indian authors were from the Manufacturing area and none of the Japanese or Chinese authors were from the Automation area.

A and H were from different countries, but had their papers scheduled in exactly the same issues.

C and E, both Chinese authors from different areas, had the same number of papers scheduled. Further, E had papers scheduled in consecutive issues of the journal but C did not.

B, from the Logistics area, had a paper scheduled in the April issue of the journal.

B and G belonged to the same country. None of their papers were scheduled in the same issue of the journal.

D, a Japanese author from the Manufacturing area, did not have a paper scheduled in the July issue.

C and H belonged to different areas.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

There were exactly two papers by authors from Manufacturing area in the January issue.

There were exactly two papers by authors from Manufacturing area in the July issue.

There was exactly one paper by an author from Logistics area in the October issue.

There was exactly one paper by an author from Manufacturing area in the April issue

✅ Correct Option: 2

Slide 1/13

Understanding the set :-

There are 18 research papers, written by eight authors (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H)

Four issues - January, April, July and October

One author can write 1/ 2/ or 3 research papers

One research paper will be written by one Author only.

Four of the authors were from India and two each were from Japan and China.

Each author belonged to exactly one of the three areas — Manufacturing, Automation and Logistics

This is a table question,

In this question, we need to find which author has written how many papers, has issue in which month, belongs to which country and belonged to which area.

So, lets make a table where we can systematically note down all the informations.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A		Automation		(october X )
B		Logistics		April
C
D	Japanese	Manufacturing		(July X)
E
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G
H

Let's first note down all the information we can directly add to the table from the clues.

Clue 1 says,

F, an Indian author from the Logistics area, wrote only one paper. It was scheduled in the October issue.

Clue 2 says,

A was from the Automation area and did not have a paper scheduled in the October issue.

Clue 6,

. B, from the Logistics area, had a paper scheduled in the April issue of the journal.

Clue 8,

D, a Japanese author from the Manufacturing area, did not have a paper scheduled in the July issue.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A		Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B		Logistics		April
C	Chinese		a
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese		a
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G			3
H			3

It is given to us that,

The total issues publicized were 18, of which the publications done by A, D, G, H are twice the papers written by the other four authors.

=> A+D+G+H has written 12 papers in total and B+C+E+F has written 6 in total

But, we know an author can write a maximum of 3 papers

=> Since, A + D + G + H = 12

Each of A, D, G, H must have written 3 papers each.

Now, since, A has 3 publication and, don't have publication in october

=> A will have publication in January, April, July

Similarly, D will have publication in Jan, April and October.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B		Logistics		April
C	Chinese		a
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese		a
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G			3
H			3

Statement 3 provides that,

none of the Japanese or Chinese authors were from the Automation area.

=> Only Indian author will be from Automation area.

=> A will be an Indian author.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B		Logistics		April
C	Chinese	L / M	a
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	M / L	a
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G		A / L	3
H		L / A	3

Statement 5 says,

C and E, both Chinese authors from different areas

=> Both C and E are from different area

But No chinese author was from automation area (clue 3)

=> C and E belongs to Logistics and manufactuing.

=> Remaining two ( G and H) will be from Automation or Logistics area.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B		Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	L / M	2
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	M / L	2
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G		A / L	3
H		L / A	3

Continuing with Clue 5,

C and E, both Chinese authors from different areas, had the same number of papers scheduled

Since B+C+E+F have written a total of 6 papers.

The two possibilities are 2+2+1+1 or 3+1+1+1

Since it was given that E had papers scheduled in consecutive issues and C did not.

=> E has atleast 2 papers scheduled, to have it in consecutive months.

So the only possible case is C = 2, E =2, F = 1, B = 1

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B	Indian	Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	L / M	2
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	M / L	2
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G	Indian	Automation	3
H	Japanese	Logistics	3

Clue 4,

A and H were from different countries, but had their papers scheduled in exactly the same issues.

=> H is not Indian , he can't be chinese as well (as there are only 2 chinese, who we found to be - C and E)

=> H is a japanese.

And, from clue 3 we know,

none of the Japanese or Chinese authors were from the Automation area.

Therefore, H will be from logistics.

=> G will be from Automation

Now, since none from japan or china was from automation

It means only indians can be from automation

=> G is Indian.

=> B will be also an Indian.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B	Indian	Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	L / M	2
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	M / L	2
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G	Indian	Automation	3
H	Japanese	Logistics	3	Jan, April, July

Clue 4 says,

A and H were from different countries, but had their papers scheduled in exactly the same issues.

=> H's will also have his issues in Jan, april, and july.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B	Indian	Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	L / M	2
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	M / L	2
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, July, October
H	Japanese	Logistics	3	Jan, April, July

Clue 7,

B and G belonged to the same country. None of their papers were scheduled in the same issue of the journal.

We know, G has 3 issues

Now, according to the clue it can't be April

=> G will have issues in Jan, July, October

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B	Indian	Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	L / M	2
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	M / L	2
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, July, October
H	Japanese	Logistics	3	Jan, April, July

Clue 8,

D, a Japanese author from the Manufacturing area, did not have a paper scheduled in the July issue.

Now, D has 3 issues, except in July.

=> D has issues in Jan, April, October.

Now, In January, one more paper needs to be publicized, one in April, 1 in July, and one in October.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B	Indian	Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	L / M	2	Jan, October
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	M / L	2	April, July
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, July, October
H	Japanese	Logistics	3	Jan, April, July

Clue 5,

E had papers scheduled in consecutive issues of the journal but C did not.

=> C must have written in Jan and October

and, E must have publication in July and April.

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B	Indian	Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	Manufacturing	2	Jan, October
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	Logistics	2	April, July
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, July, October
H	Japanese	Logistics	3	Jan, April, July

In statement 9,

C and H belonged to different areas.

Hence C must be from Manufacturing and E must be from Logistics

Author	Country	Area of Interest	Publications	Months of publication
A	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, April, July
B	Indian	Logistics	1	April
C	Chinese	Manufacturing	2	Jan, October
D	Japanese	Manufacturing	3	Jan, April, October
E	Chinese	Logistics	2	April, July
F	Indian	Logistics	1	October
G	Indian	Automation	3	Jan, July, October
H	Japanese	Logistics	3	Jan, April, July

Option 2 is false

As there is not a single issue in july from the author who belonged to Manufacturing area.

Question 9

What is the correct sequence of number of papers written by B, C, E and G, respectively?

Question 10

How many papers were written by Indian authors?

Question 11

Which of the following statement(s) MUST be true?

Statement A: Every issue had at least one paper by author(s) from each country.
Statement B: Every issue had at most two papers by author(s) from each area.