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Q1:

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VA

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Medium

Q1:

Physicists have successfully buried their differences on research methods applied in other fields in their desire to find answers to baffling scientific questions.

Large data sets and mathematical models in physics research combined with the research methods of non-physicist collaborators have yielded important scientific findings.

Despite differences in their research styles, physicists' research collaborations with scholars from other disciplines have yielded important research findings.

The desire to diversify their research and answer important questions has led to several collaborations between physicists and other social scientists.

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Option 3

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Q2:

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Easy

Q2:

Option 3

Option 4

Option 2

Option 1

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Option 1

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Q3:

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VA

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Medium

Q3:

Governments primarily use the DIME model to deploy cyber troops who practise low-grade information warfare, seeking to manipulate public opinion with the objective of inflicting pain and confusion on their enemies.

Following the DIME model, many governments have taken advantage of open data policies of the web to deploy cyber troops who manipulate domestic public opinion, using advertising and other strategies to spread false information.

Using the DIME model, together with military operations, many governments simultaneously conduct information warfare with the help of cyber troops and routinely monitor telecom data and communications networks.

As part of conducting information warfare as per the DIME model, many governments routinely monitor telecom data and communications networks, and use cyber troops on social media to manipulate public opinion.

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Option 4

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Q4:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q4:

medieval maps would be used as navigational aids.

Europeans would doubt the story of pepper harvesting.

the price of spices would decrease.

pepper would no longer be considered exotic.

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Option 2

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Q5:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q5:

increase in the availability or spices.

the development of refrigeration techniques.

changes in the system of medical treatment.

changes in European cuisine.

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Option 1

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Q6:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q6:

it is not advisable to go to India to harvest the pepper themselves.

this is why pepper is so hot.

pepper is costly for good reason.

it is no surprise that the pepper supply is so limited.

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Option 2

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Q7:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q7:

India was colonised for its spices and gold.

Tobacco was more marketable than spices.

Colonialism was motivated by the demand for spices.

The spice trade was a driver of colonial expansion.

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Option 1

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Q8:

CAT

VA

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Medium

Q8:

Entered answer:

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4

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Q9:

CAT

VA

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Medium

Q9:

Option 4

Option 3

Option 2

Option 1

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Option 2

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Q10:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q10:

Some use this as an opportunity to publicise their own review work.

It is seen as a form of service to the academic community.

It helps them keep current with cutting-edge ideas in their academic disciplines.

It is seen as an opportunity to expand their influence in the academic community.

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Option 4

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Q11:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q11:

greater transparency across the peer review process in academic publishing.

publicising peer review data rather than the publication of actual reviews.

preserving the anonymity of reviewers to protect them from criticism.

more careful screening to ensure the recruitment of content-familiar peer reviewers.

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Option 1

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Q12:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q12:

It could address various inefficiencies and fraudulent practices that continue in academic publishing process.

It would highlight the gender and race biases currently existing in the selection of reviewers.

It will deal with peer review fraud such as authors publishing bogus reviews of their work.

It can tackle the problem of selecting appropriately qualified reviewers for academic writing.

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Option 4

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Q13:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q13:

deters reviewers from producing honest, if critical, reviews that are vital to the sound publishing process.

delays the manuscript evaluation process as reviewers would take longer to write their reviews.

leaves the reviewers unexposed to unwarranted and unjustified criticism or comments from others.

makes reviewers reluctant to review manuscripts, especially if these are critical of the submitted work.

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Option 3

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Q14:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q14:

It has become far easier for people today to bring out innovations with dire worldwide consequences than it was earlier.

The emissions caused by the large-scale use of leaded fuel ought to have been addressed earlier than they were.

The by-products of leaded fuel, rather than the fuel itself, were responsible for the build-up of carbon-related gases in the atmosphere.

While technological advances in the past have had innocuous or beneficial outcomes, more recent advances have the potential to be more threatening globally.

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Option 4

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Q15:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q15:

The full impact of technological advances cannot be estimated in the short run as the ripple effects often extend far beyond the original intent.

It is important to judge an invention not by its immediate outcomes, but by the holistic impact of its secondary effects.

The secondary effects of most major technological advances in the past, especially if they were unintended, have turned out to be beneficial.

The entire impact of a technological advance should be evaluated by the boost its secondary effects gives to generating further technological advances.

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Option 1

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Q16:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q16:

build-up of chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere

extension of the phonograph to large-scale recording of music

cooling and de-humidifying of factories through air-conditioning

application of the Jacquard loom to modern IT programming

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Option 3

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Q17:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q17:

these inventors could not have visualised the eventual impact of their inventions on society.

despite the original intention, the unintended consequences of their inventions were largely beneficial.

inventions typically end up being used for entirely different purposes than the intended ones.

the secondary effect of past inventions mostly resulted in the creation of new inventions.

Correct Answer

Option 1

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Q18:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q18:

Unleashing dogs by pet owners in areas with known high concentrations of large carnivores.

Attempting to photograph wild animals from within secured viewing areas in national parks and

protected zones.

Addressing the impact of climate change on the availability of resources for wildlife.

Implementing 'food waste' management strategies to prevent wild animals being attracted to

human food sources.

Correct Answer

Option 1

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Q19:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q19:

Predatory attacks by carnivores are a common occurrence and have steadily increased over the past few decades.

Human efforts to avoid risky behaviours around large carnivores have proven effective in reducing conflict incidents.

Carnivores lose their instinctive fear of humans, when consistently exposed to human food sources.

Climate change has had negligible effects on the frequency of carnivore-human interactions in affected regions.

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Option 4

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Q20:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q20:

Low-income countries with vast, contiguous wilderness areas are less prone to human-carnivore conflicts because these areas lack the human presence necessary for such encounters.

Homogeneous landscapes with uniform agricultural practices are more likely to experience high rates of human-carnivore conflicts due to the predictability of resources.

The diversity and interspersion of working landscapes with carnivore habitats in rural areas increase the statistical probability of encounters between humans and carnivores.

Landscape heterogeneity, characterized by a mix of farmland and natural habitats, inherently reduces the chances of human-carnivore conflicts by providing more refuge for wildlife away from human activity.

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Option 3

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Q21:

CAT

Reading Comprehension

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Medium

Q21:

The predatory perception of humans as potential prey within the carnivores’ food chain.

The reduction in carnivores’ instinctive fear response, resulting from their reliance upon human provided food.

The natural aggression exhibited by carnivores, exacerbated by human interference, particularly when they are safeguarding their offspring or food sources.

The increased scarcity of resources due to climate change, forcing carnivores to venture outside their natural habitats in search of sustenance.

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Option 2

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Q22:

CAT

VA

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Medium

Q22:

Entered answer:

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2

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Q23:

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VA

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Medium

Q23:

Option 2

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Option 3

Option 1

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Option 4

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Q24:

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Medium

Q24:

Freedom and creativity are essential for comedy. Fear about offending people hinders originality.

Comedians must not check what they think and say. They must go where no one has gone before.

Comedians are being prevented from saying what they want and that is the death of this art form.

Creativity and critical thinking cannot work together. Comedians must first be creative, and later be critical.

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Option 1

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