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Students in a college are discussing two proposals -

A: a proposal by the authorities to introduce dress code on campus, and

B: a proposal by the students to allow multinational food franchises to set up outlets on college campus.

A student does not necessarily support either of the two proposals.

In an upcoming election for student union president, there are two candidates in fray: Sunita and Ragini. Every student prefers one of the two candidates.

A survey was conducted among the students by picking a sample of 500500 students. The following information was noted from this survey.

  1. 250250 students supported proposal A and 250250 students supported proposal B.
  1. Among the 200200 students who preferred Sunita as student union president, 80%80 \% supported proposal A.
  1. Among those who preferred Ragini, 30% supported proposal A.
  1. 20% of those who supported proposal B preferred Sunita.
  1. 40%40 \% of those who did not support proposal B preferred Ragini.
  1. Every student who preferred Sunita and supported proposal B also supported proposal A.
  1. Among those who preferred Ragini, 20% did not support any of the proposals.

Among the students surveyed who supported proposal A, what percentage preferred Sunita for student union president?

Entered answer:

Solution

✅ Correct Answer: 64
Slide 1/11

Understanding the set :-

It’s a classic logical reasoning + Venn diagram problem.

  1. There are 500 students in total in a survey.
  1. Two proposals:

A: Dress code by college authorities

B: Allow multinational food franchises

  1. Two candidates for student union president:

a) Sunita

b) Ragini

  1. Each student:

Can support any, none, or both proposals (A and/or B).

Everyone must prefer only one candidate: Sunita or Ragini

This set gives you enough interconnected clues to figure out:

a) How many supported both A and B.

b)How many supported only one or none.

c)The exact preference breakdowns of each student group.

Lets find the thought process to solve this kind of sets.

Total number of students surveyed= 500

Every student prefers one of the two candidates. Ragini(R) and Sunita(S).

Thus, R+S=500.

Clue 2 says,

Among the 200 students who preferred Sunita

=> The number of students who support Sunita(S)=200

and, The number of students who supported Ragini(R)=300.

Continuing with clue 2;

Among the 200 students who preferred Sunita as student union president, 80% supported proposal A.

=> 200∗(80/100)=160200 * (80 / 100 ) = 160

=> 160 students who supported Sunita also supported the proposal A.

Clue 3 says,

Among those who preferred Ragini, 30% supported proposal A.

We know, The number of students who supported Ragini(R)=300.

=> 300∗(30/100)=90300 * (30 / 100) = 90

=> 90 students who supported Ragini also supported proposal A.

Clue 4 says,

20% of those who supported proposal B preferred Sunita.

We know, 250 students supported proposal B. (clue 1)

=> 250∗(20/100)=50250 * (20 / 100) = 50

=> 50 students who supported Proposal B also supported Sunita.

Clue 6 says,

Every student who preferred Sunita and supported proposal B also supported proposal A.

We know, 50 students who supported Proposal B also supported Sunita

=> All those 50 students will also prefer proposal A.

=> There will be no student who prefer only Proposal B.

=> There will be 160−50=110160 - 50 =110 students who prefer proposal A only.

=> There will be 200−110−50=40200 - 110 - 50 = 40 students who do not prefer any of the proposal.

Clue 7 says,

Among those who preferred Ragini, 20% did not support any of the proposals.

We know, The number of students who supported Ragini(R)=300.

=> 300∗(20/100)=60300 * (20/100) = 60

=> There are 60 students among those who prefer Ragini, who do not prefer any of proposal A and B

Clue 5 says,

40% of those who did not support proposal B preferred Ragini.

we know, 250 students supported proposal B.

=> 250∗(40/100)=100250 * (40 / 100) = 100

=> 100 people who preferred Ragini did not support proposal B

=> these 100 people will include those who -

  1. only support proposal A.

  2. Do not support any of proposal A or B.

Now, we know, there are 60 students among those who prefer Ragini, who do not prefer any of proposal A and B.

=> there will be 100−60=40100 - 60 = 40 people who prefer only proposal A.

Now, we know, There are 90 people who preferred proposal A for Ragini.

And, 40 people who preferred only proposal A

=> $90 - 40 = 50 people will support both A and B.

=> there will be 200−50=150200 - 50 = 150 people who preferred only proposal B.

Solution figure for CAT 2019 DILR question 9 (Data Interpretation)

Therefore,

Required %\% age =160250×100−64%=\frac{160}{250} \times 100-64 \%

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