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Ten musicians (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J) are experts in at least one of the following three percussion instruments: tabla, mridangam, and ghatam. Among them, three are experts in tabla but not in mridangam or ghatam, another three are experts in mridangam but not in tabla or ghatam, and one is an expert in ghatam but not in tabla or mridangam. Further, two are experts in tabla and mridangam but not in ghatam, and one is an expert in tabla and ghatam but not in mridangam.

The following facts are known about these ten musicians.

  1. Both A and B are experts in mridangam, but only one of them is also an expert in tabla.
  1. D is an expert in both tabla and ghatam.
  1. Both F and G are experts in tabla, but only one of them is also an expert in mridangam.
  1. Neither I nor J is an expert in tabla.
  1. Neither H nor I is an expert in mridangam, but only one of them is an expert in ghatam

Which of the following pairs CANNOT have any musician who is an expert in both tabla and mridangam but not in ghatam?

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 3
Slide 1/11

Understanding the set :

  1. There are 10 musicians - (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J) - experts in at least one of the following three percussion instruments: tabla, mridangam, and ghatam.
  1. from Among them, three are experts in tabla but not in mridangam or ghatam,
  1. another three are experts in mridangam but not in tabla or ghatam,
  1. and one is an expert in ghatam but not in tabla or mridangam.
  1. Further, two are experts in tabla and mridangam but not in ghatam,
  1. and one is an expert in tabla and ghatam but not in mridangam.

This is a table + venn diagram set.

In this set, with the help of first paragraph you will form a venn diagram, and then with the help of venn diagram and clues we will try to find out the instrument played by each musician.

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)

This is a venn diagram we an directly make from the information givens -

  1. three are experts in tabla but not in mridangam or ghatam,

=> only tabla = 3

  1. three are experts in mridangam but not in tabla or ghatam

-> only mridangam = 3

  1. one is an expert in ghatam but not in tabla or mridangam.

=> only ghatam = 1

  1. two are experts in tabla and mridangam but not in ghatam,

=> only Tabla & mridangam = 2

  1. one is an expert in tabla and ghatam but not in mridangam.

=> only tabla & mridangam = 1

Now, we have a total of = 3+3+1+2+1=103 + 3+ 1+2+1 = 10

Therefore, we have found the distribution of all the musician

Thus, all three and only ghatam and mridangam = 0

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
A
B
C
DT + G
E
F
G
H
I
J

Now, Clue 2 says,

D is an expert in both tabla and ghatam.

Also, from the venn , we know there is only one person expert in only tabla and ghatam

=> that person is D.

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
A
B
C
DT + G
E
F
G
H
IT (x)
JT (x)

Clue 4 says,

Neither I nor J is an expert in tabla.

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
A
B
C
DT + G
E
F
G
HM(X)
IG
JT (x)

Clue 5 says,

Neither H nor I is an expert in mridangam, but only one of them is an expert in ghatam.

Now, we already know, that

I is not an expert in Tabla and this clue says, I is not expert in mridangam also

=> I will be an expert in only Ghatam

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
A
B
C
DT + G
E
F
G
HM(X)
IG
JM

From the venn , we know,

There is only one person expert in only ghatam, whom we found to be I.

Therefore, for J -

We know, J is not an expert in tabla

=> only possiblity for him = only mridangam / only ghatam or mridangam + ghatam

but, only ghatam is I

mridangam + ghatam =0

Therefore, J is an expert in only Mridangam

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
AM
BM
C
DT + G
E
F
G
HM(X)
IG
JM

Clue 1 says,

Both A and B are experts in mridangam, but only one of them is also an expert in tabla.

=> one of A and B = only mridangam and other is Mridangam + tabla

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
AM
BM
C
DT + G
E
FT
GT
HM(X)
IG
JM

Clue 3 says,

Both F and G are experts in tabla, but only one of them is also an expert in mridangam.

=> One of F and G is an expert in only tabla and other in Tabla and mridangam.

=> one of A and B = only mridangam and other is Mridangam + tabla

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
AM
BM
C
DT + G
E
FT
GT
HT
IG
JM

Now, we know there are 2 musicians expert in Tabla and mridangam

which , we have found to be:

  1. one of A or B.

  2. One of F or G.

Also, Tabla + ghatam = 1 , which is D.

Therefore, For H :

We know, H can't be an expert in mridangam

Therefore, he will be an ecpert in only tabla or only ghatam

But only ghatam is I

therefore, H is an expert in only Tabla.

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
AM
BM
C
DT + G
E
FT
GT
HT
IG
JM

Now, we know, there are 3 people experts in only tabla

One we have found to be H

other will be one among G or H

Therefore, only possibility for third person is one among C or E.

And, other of C and E will be an expert in both Tabla and mridangam.

Solution figure for CAT 2020 DILR question 23 (Data Interpretation)
MusiciansInstrument
AM
BM
C
DT + G
E
FT
GT
HT
IG
JM

It can only be from A/B, F/G

∴ C and E is the correct options

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