Solution
Understanding the set :
- There are 10 musicians - (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J) - experts in at least one of the following three percussion instruments: tabla, mridangam, and ghatam.
- from Among them, three are experts in tabla but not in mridangam or ghatam,
- another three are experts in mridangam but not in tabla or ghatam,
- and one is an expert in ghatam but not in tabla or mridangam.
- Further, two are experts in tabla and mridangam but not in ghatam,
- and one is an expert in tabla and ghatam but not in mridangam.
This is a table + venn diagram set.
In this set, with the help of first paragraph you will form a venn diagram, and then with the help of venn diagram and clues we will try to find out the instrument played by each musician.
This is a venn diagram we an directly make from the information givens -
- three are experts in tabla but not in mridangam or ghatam,
=> only tabla = 3
- three are experts in mridangam but not in tabla or ghatam
-> only mridangam = 3
- one is an expert in ghatam but not in tabla or mridangam.
=> only ghatam = 1
- two are experts in tabla and mridangam but not in ghatam,
=> only Tabla & mridangam = 2
- one is an expert in tabla and ghatam but not in mridangam.
=> only tabla & mridangam = 1
Now, we have a total of =
Therefore, we have found the distribution of all the musician
Thus, all three and only ghatam and mridangam = 0
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | |
| B | |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | |
| G | |
| H | |
| I | |
| J |
Now, Clue 2 says,
D is an expert in both tabla and ghatam.
Also, from the venn , we know there is only one person expert in only tabla and ghatam
=> that person is D.
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | |
| B | |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | |
| G | |
| H | |
| I | T (x) |
| J | T (x) |
Clue 4 says,
Neither I nor J is an expert in tabla.
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | |
| B | |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | |
| G | |
| H | M(X) |
| I | G |
| J | T (x) |
Clue 5 says,
Neither H nor I is an expert in mridangam, but only one of them is an expert in ghatam.
Now, we already know, that
I is not an expert in Tabla and this clue says, I is not expert in mridangam also
=> I will be an expert in only Ghatam
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | |
| B | |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | |
| G | |
| H | M(X) |
| I | G |
| J | M |
From the venn , we know,
There is only one person expert in only ghatam, whom we found to be I.
Therefore, for J -
We know, J is not an expert in tabla
=> only possiblity for him = only mridangam / only ghatam or mridangam + ghatam
but, only ghatam is I
mridangam + ghatam =0
Therefore, J is an expert in only Mridangam
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | M |
| B | M |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | |
| G | |
| H | M(X) |
| I | G |
| J | M |
Clue 1 says,
Both A and B are experts in mridangam, but only one of them is also an expert in tabla.
=> one of A and B = only mridangam and other is Mridangam + tabla
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | M |
| B | M |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | T |
| G | T |
| H | M(X) |
| I | G |
| J | M |
Clue 3 says,
Both F and G are experts in tabla, but only one of them is also an expert in mridangam.
=> One of F and G is an expert in only tabla and other in Tabla and mridangam.
=> one of A and B = only mridangam and other is Mridangam + tabla
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | M |
| B | M |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | T |
| G | T |
| H | T |
| I | G |
| J | M |
Now, we know there are 2 musicians expert in Tabla and mridangam
which , we have found to be:
-
one of A or B.
-
One of F or G.
Also, Tabla + ghatam = 1 , which is D.
Therefore, For H :
We know, H can't be an expert in mridangam
Therefore, he will be an ecpert in only tabla or only ghatam
But only ghatam is I
therefore, H is an expert in only Tabla.
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | M |
| B | M |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | T |
| G | T |
| H | T |
| I | G |
| J | M |
Now, we know, there are 3 people experts in only tabla
One we have found to be H
other will be one among G or H
Therefore, only possibility for third person is one among C or E.
And, other of C and E will be an expert in both Tabla and mridangam.
| Musicians | Instrument |
|---|---|
| A | M |
| B | M |
| C | |
| D | T + G |
| E | |
| F | T |
| G | T |
| H | T |
| I | G |
| J | M |
It can only be from A/B, F/G
∴ C and E is the correct options
More from this set:
Question 21
Question 22