To solve this,we need to understand why the author brings up Welsh as an example. Let us trace the context around the Welsh mention.

Step 1: Find where Welsh is mentioned and read the surrounding context From passage: "More commonly, speakers live on but abandon their language in favor of another vernacular, a widespread process that linguists refer to as 'language shift' from which few languages are immune. Such trading up and out of a speech form occurs for complex political, cultural and economic reasons sometimes voluntary for economic and educational reasons, although often amplified by state coercion or neglect. Welsh, long stigmatized and disparaged by the British state, has rebounded with vigor."

Step 2: Understand the flow of ideas Author discusses language decline -> explains "language shift" (people abandon their language) -> gives reasons (including state coercion/neglect) -> then gives Welsh as example The key insight: Welsh was stigmatized and disparaged by the state (which causes language shift), but it "rebounded with vigor."

🟠 Option 1 -> context-shift -> Welsh example isn't about globalization at all. Author discusses globalization later in different paragraphs. Welsh example is specifically about language shift and state treatment. 🔴 Option 2 -> misses-the-point -> Says integration efforts were "fruitless" but passage shows Welsh actually succeeded in rebounding despite being disparaged. Gets the outcome completely wrong. 🔴 Option 3 -> opposite-meaning -> Says state effort helped, but passage clearly states Welsh was "stigmatized and disparaged by the British state" - state was working against it, not helping it. Welsh rebounded despite state opposition. 🟢 Option 4 -> captures the exact point -> Welsh speakers experienced language shift (due to state stigmatization), but the language still "rebounded with vigor" - proving languages can revive even after shift occurs. The Welsh example perfectly illustrates that languages thought lost to "language shift" can still come back to life.

CAT (VARC) PYQs

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