Data Interpretation

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Out of $10$ countries -- Country $1$ through Country $10$ -- Country $9$ has the highest gross domestic product (GDP), and Country $10$ has the highest GDP per capita. GDP per capita is the GDP of a country divided by its population. The table below provides the following data about Country $1$ through Country $8$ for the year $2024$ .

Column $1$ gives the country's identity.

Column $2$ gives the country's GDP as a fraction of the GDP of Country 9.

Column $3$ gives the country's GDP per capita as a fraction of the GDP per capita of Country10.

Column $4$ gives the country's annual GDP growth rate.

Column $5$ gives the country's annual population growth rate.

Figure for CAT 2024 DILR question 12 (Data Interpretation)

Assume that the GDP growth rates and population growth rates of the countries will remain constant for the next three years.

Which one among the countries 1, 4, 5, and 7 will have the largest population in 2027?

Country 7

Country 4

Country 5

Country 1

✅ Correct Option: 4

Slide 1/2

Country	GDP	GDP per capita	GDP growth rate	Population growth rate
Country 1	$0.15$	$0.41$	$0.2\%$	$-0.12\%$
Country 2	$0.14$	$0.25$	$0.9\%$	$-0.41\%$
Country 3	$0.13$	$0.02$	$6.5\%$	$0.70\%$
Country 4	$0.12$	$0.38$	$0.5\%$	$0.49\%$
Country 5	$0.10$	$0.36$	$0.7\%$	$0.31\%$
Country 6	$0.08$	$0.08$	$3.2\%$	$0.61\%$
Country 7	$0.08$	$0.30$	$0.7\%$	$-0.11\%$
Country 8	$0.07$	$0.41$	$1.2\%$	$0.71\%$

This table compares the GDP, GDP per capita, and population of eight countries, all of which are referenced using a consistent set of units.

Specifically, the GDP values are all given with the same country as the reference point (The reference point being Country 9)

i.e., if GDP of country 9 = 100 (let) then GDP of country 1 will be 0.15*100 = 15.

Similarly, the GDP per capita among the eight countries in the table is given using the same reference point (The reference point being Country 10)

i.e., if GDP per capita of country 10 = 100 then, GDP per capita of Country 1 will be 0.41 * 100 = 41.

As a result, when comparing two countries from the list in terms of GDP, GDP per capita, or population, we can directly use the values presented in the table, since they are all based on a uniform reference point.

Also, We can compare the population of two countries using the formula -

population = GDP/ GDP per capita.

We need to find which country among 1, 4, 5, and 7 will have the largest population in 2027.

To find population, we use the relationship:

$\text{Population} = \frac{\text{GDP}}{\text{GDP per capita}}$

Calculating each country's population in 2024:

$\text{Country 1: } \frac{0.15}{0.41} = \frac{15}{41} \approx 0.366$

$\text{Country 4: } \frac{0.12}{0.38} = \frac{6}{19} \approx 0.316$

$\text{Country 5: } \frac{0.10}{0.36} = \frac{5}{18} \approx 0.278$

$\text{Country 7: } \frac{0.08}{0.30} = \frac{4}{15} \approx 0.267$

Applying population growth over 3 years using:

$\text{Final Population} = \text{Initial Population} \times (1 + \text{growth rate})^3$

Country 1 (growth rate $= -0.12\% = -0.0012$ ):

$0.366 \times (1 - 0.0012)^3 = 0.366 \times (0.9988)^3 = 0.365$

Country 4 (growth rate $= +0.49\% = +0.0049$ ):

$0.316 \times (1 + 0.0049)^3 = 0.316 \times (1.0049)^3 = 0.321$

Country 5 (growth rate $= +0.31\% = +0.0031$ ):

$0.278 \times (1 + 0.0031)^3 = 0.278 \times (1.0031)^3 = 0.281$

Country 7 (growth rate $= -0.11\% = -0.0011$ ):

$0.267 \times (1 - 0.0011)^3 = 0.267 \times (0.9989)^3 = 0.266$

Comparing populations in 2027:

Country 1: $0.365$ (largest)

Country 4: $0.321$

Country 5: $0.281$

Country 7: $0.266$

Therefore, Country 1 will have the largest population in 2027.

Question 10

Which one among the countries 1 through 8, has the smallest population in 2024?

Question 11

The ratio of Country 4’s GDP to Country 5’s GDP in 2026 will be closest to

Question 13

For how many countries among Country 1 through Country 8 will the GDP per capita in 2027 be lower than that in 2024?

Which one among the countries 1, 4, 5, and 7 will have the largest population in 2027?

Solution

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