Solution
Understanding the Set
This is a Venn Diagram set involving three overlapping sets.
Define the seven regions inside the Venn diagram as follows:
| Region | Variable |
|---|---|
| Only B | b |
| Only C | c |
| Only S | s |
| B ∩ C only | x |
| B ∩ S only | y |
| C ∩ S only | z |
| B ∩ C ∩ S | 100 (given) |
Outside the three sets lies the "Others" category:
| Region | Variable |
|---|---|
| O | O |
The key idea is to first translate every statement into equations, simplify the relationships between the regions, and finally use the total number of satellites.
| Region | Value/Relation |
|---|---|
| Only B | b |
| Only C | c |
| Only S | s |
| B ∩ C only | x |
| B ∩ S only | y |
| C ∩ S only | z |
| B ∩ C ∩ S | 100 |
| O | O |
From the ratio of satellites serving B, C and S,
Hence,
Now,
and
Also, (given in the question).
Therefore,
which simplifies to
| Region | Value/Relation |
|---|---|
| Only B | b |
| Only C | c |
| Only S | c |
| B ∩ C only | x |
| B ∩ S only | x |
| C ∩ S only | z |
| B ∩ C ∩ S | 100 |
| O | z |
Using
we get
Since the -terms cancel, giving
Now use the given relation , i.e.,
Substituting ,
Solving,
Substituting back,
| Region | Value |
|---|---|
| Only B | |
| Only C | |
| Only S | |
| B ∩ C only | x |
| B ∩ S only | x |
| C ∩ S only | z |
| B ∩ C ∩ S | 100 |
| O | z |
The total number of satellites is 1600.
Hence,
Using
we obtain
Substituting the expressions for and ,
Simplifying,
Therefore,
| Region | Final Expression |
|---|---|
| Only B | |
| Only C | |
| Only S | |
| B ∩ C only | |
| B ∩ S only | |
| C ∩ S only | |
| B ∩ C ∩ S | 100 |
| O |
From the solution, Since every region represents a number of satellites,
Using we get or
Also,
Since increases as increases, the smallest possible value of occurs when
Thus,